by a girl when she passed by. The boss made the little boy do heavy work.→The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss.

4.如果是接雙賓語的動詞改為被動語態時，直接賓語（物）作主語，那么動詞后要用介詞，這個介詞是由與其搭配的動詞決定.

He gave me a book.→A book was given to me by him.

He showed me a ticket.→A ticket was shown to me by him.

My father bought me a new bike. →A new bike was bought for me by my father.