在javascript中并沒有原生的創建或者實現接口的方式，或者判定一個類型是否實現了某個接口，我們只能利用js的靈活性的特點，模擬接口。
在javascript中實現接口有三種方式：注釋描述、屬性驗證、鴨子模型。
note：因為我看的是英文書，翻譯水平有限，不知道有些詞匯如何翻譯，大家只能領會精神了。
1. 注釋描述 （Describing Interfaces with Comments）
例子：
復制代碼 代碼如下:
/*
interface Composite {
function add(child);
function remove(child);
function getChild(index);
}
interface FormItem {
function save();
}
*/
var CompositeForm = function(id, method, action) { // implements Composite, FormItem
...
};
//Implement the Composite interface.
CompositeForm.prototype.add = function(child) {
...
};
CompositeForm.prototype.remove = function(child) {
...
};
CompositeForm.prototype.getChild = function(index) {
...
};
// Implement the FormItem interface.
CompositeForm.prototype.save = function() {
...
};
模擬其他面向對象語言，使用interface 和 implements關鍵字，但是需要將他們注釋起來，這樣就不會有語法錯誤。
這樣做的目的，只是為了告訴其他編程人員，這些類需要實現什么方法，需要在編程的時候加以注意。但是沒有提供一種驗證方式，這些類是否正確實現了這些接口中的方法，這種方式就是一種文檔化的作法。
2. 屬性驗證（Emulating Interfaces with Attribute Checking）
例子：
復制代碼 代碼如下:
/* interface
Composite {
function add(child);
function remove(child);
function getChild(index);
}
interface FormItem {
function save();
}
*/
var CompositeForm = function(id, method, action) {
this.implementsInterfaces = ['Composite', 'FormItem'];
...
};
...
function addForm(formInstance) {
if(!implements(formInstance, 'Composite', 'FormItem')) {
throw new Error("Object does not implement a required interface.");
}
...
}
// The implements function, which checks to see if an object declares that it
// implements the required interfaces.
function implements(object) {
for(var i = 1; i < arguments.length; i++) {
// Looping through all arguments
// after the first one.
var interfaceName = arguments[i];
var interfaceFound = false;
for(var j = 0; j < object.implementsInterfaces.length; j++) {
if(object.implementsInterfaces[j] == interfaceName) {
interfaceFound = true;
break;
}
}
if(!interfaceFound) {
return false;
// An interface was not found.
}
}
return true;
// All interfaces were found.
}
這種方式比第一種方式有所改進，接口的定義仍然以注釋的方式實現，但是添加了驗證方法，判斷一個類型是否實現了某個接口。
3.鴨子類型（Emulating Interfaces with Duck Typing）
復制代碼 代碼如下:
// Interfaces.
var Composite = new Interface('Composite', ['add', 'remove', 'getChild']);
var FormItem = new Interface('FormItem', ['save']);
// CompositeForm class
var CompositeForm = function(id, method, action) {
...
};
...
function addForm(formInstance) {
ensureImplements(formInstance, Composite, FormItem);
// This function will throw an error if a required method is not implemented.
...
}
// Constructor.
var Interface = function(name, methods) {
if(arguments.length != 2) {
throw new Error("Interface 買粉絲nstructor called with "
+ arguments.length + "arguments, but expected exactly 2.");
}
this.name = name;
this.methods = [];
for(var i = 0, len = methods.length; i < len; i++) {
if(typeof methods[i] !== 'string') {
throw new Error("Interface 買粉絲nstructor expects method names to be "
+ "passed in as a string.");
}
this.methods.push(methods[i]);
}
};
// Static class method.
Interface.ensureImplements = function(object) {
if(arguments.length < 2) {
throw new Error("Function Interface.ensureImplements called with "
+arguments.length + "arguments, but expected at least 2.");
}
for(var i = 1, len = arguments.length; i < len; i++) {
var interface = arguments[i];
if(interface.買粉絲nstructor !== Interface) {
throw new Error("Function Interface.ensureImplements expects arguments"
+ "two and above to be instances of Interface.");
}
for(var j = 0, methodsLen = interface.methods.length; j < methodsLen; j++) {
var method = interface.methods[j];
if(!object[method] || typeof object[method] !== 'function') {
throw new Error("Function Interface.ensureImplements: object "
+ "does not implement the " + interface.name + " interface. Method " + metho