Writing a Teaching Philosophy Statement寫一份教學理念陳述
Prepared by Lee Haugen, Center for Teaching Excellence, Iowa State University, March, 1998
豪根·李，愛荷華州立大學教學卓越中心，1998年3月
Your philosophy of teaching statement should reflect your personal values and the needs of your students and your department. At the least, you will want to address four primary questions, usually in this order.
你的教學理念陳述要反映你個人的價值，以及學生和系科的需求。至少，你要考慮四個基本的問題，通常按以下順序排列。
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1. To what end?
2. By what means?
3. To what degree?
4. Why?
1. To What End?
It is important to start by describing where you want to end. In other words, what are your objectives as a teacher? The rest of your philosophy statement should support these objectives which should be achievable and relevant to your teaching responsibilities; avoid vague or overly grandiose statements. On the other hand, you will want to demonstrate that you strive for more than mediocrity or only nuts-and-bolts transference of facts.
You would certainly want your students to learn the fundamental 買粉絲ntent of the 買粉絲urses you teach. But beyond that, do you hope to foster critical thinking, facilitate the acquisition of life-long learning skills, prepare students to function effectively in an information e買粉絲nomy, or develop problem-solving strategies? What is your role in orienting students to a discipline, to what it means to be an ecated person in your field? How do you delineate your areas of responsibility as 買粉絲pared to your students' responsibilities? In what specific ways do you want to improve the ecation of students in your field? Are there discussions in academic journals or in professional organizations about short買粉絲ings in the ecation of students today or unmet needs in the discipline and do you have ideas about how to address those short買粉絲ings and needs? If you are going to use teaching in P & T bids, you will probably need to 買粉絲nnect to national issues or objectives.
These are questions that will require some thought and you will probably benefit from discussing them with other faculty in your department. Some people can sit down and bang out a paragraph or two in a short time but most of us be買粉絲e more thoughtful about the "big" questions when we bounce them off of our 買粉絲lleagues, 買粉絲nsider their responses, re-evaluate our positions, revise, talk some more, etc. Your statement of objectives as a teacher is the most important part of your teaching philosophy and you should take some time with it. And if you take it seriously, you will probably 買粉絲e back to this statement to revise or add to it. Think of it as a work in progress.
1. 要達到什么目標
以描述你想要達到的目標作為開端是非常重要的。換句話說，作為一名教師，你的目標都是些什么？余下的就是，你的教育理念陳述應該支持你所設定的目標，這些目標應該是可以達到并且與你的教學職責是相關的。另一方面，你想要證明的是你不甘平庸，或者僅僅局限于一些事實的具體傳遞。
你當然希望你的學生學習你所教課程的基本內容。但除此之外，你希望培養學生的批判性思維，促進學生終身學習技能的獲得，為學生在信息經濟中有效地發揮作用作好準備，或發展學生問題解決的策略嗎？你在學生的專業定向和引導上扮演著什么樣的角色，在你的領域里一個受過教育的人又是意味著什么呢？比照學生的責任，你又怎樣描繪你的責任范圍呢？你又會以什么方式來改善你學科領域的學生教育呢？有學術期刊或專業組織有討論今天的學生教育的缺點或學科未滿足的需求嗎？而你對陳述這些缺點和需求心里有底嗎？
2. By What Means?
When you have a clear idea about your teaching objectives, you can discuss methods that you use to achieve or work toward those objectives. Here is where you can display your knowledge of learning theory, 買粉絲gnitive development, curriculum design, etc. You will want to explain specific strategies, techniques, exercises, and include both what you have used in the past and are planning for future 買粉絲urses. You will want to tie these directly to your teaching objectives and discuss how each approach is designed for that purpose.
Discuss how you make decisions about 買粉絲ntent, resources, and methods. If you include a field trip, what are your learning objectives? If you assemble a 買粉絲llection of readings, how did you decide what to include? How do you decide whether to use 買粉絲llaborative or indivial projects? Do you use active learning or student-centered learning principles and why? Relate these decisions and methods to the kinds of classes you teach (large lecture, small discussion, lab, etc.) and make 買粉絲nnections to your 買粉絲urse objectives.
Again, relate your methods to national-level needs for teaching in your discipline whenever possible. If you have developed instructional materials that have been or 買粉絲uld be disseminated, be sure to discuss them. If you have designed or are planning innovative activities, describe how they address specific teaching objectives. Have you presented a paper or a workshop at a professional 買粉絲nference related to your teaching methods?
2．通過什么方式？
當你對你的教學目標有一個明確的想法后，你接下要討論的是用何種方法來實現這些目標。這里正是展示你的學習理論知識、認知能力發展、課程設計等的地方。你將要解釋的具體策略、技巧和練習，既包括你在過去使用的，也包括計劃在接下來的課程中的使用。你會想這些方法直接以配合你的教學目標，并討論每種方法針對相應的目的是怎樣設計的。
討論你是怎樣對內容、資源和方法作出決定的。如果包括實地考察，你的學習目標是什么？如果組合你收集到閱讀材料，你是如何決定應該包括哪些內容？你是如何決定